干细胞领域知识发现平台

[2019-06-20] 大连化物所利用器官芯片技术培育人胰岛类器官取得新进展

简介: 近日，中国科学院大连化学物理研究所研究员秦建华团队利用器官芯片技术培育人多能干细胞衍生的胰岛类器官取得新进展，相关成果发表在器官芯片领域刊物Lab on a chip上，并被选为封面文章。类器官（organoids）是一种通过干细胞自组织方式形成的多细胞三维复杂结构，它能够在体外模拟具有来源组织器官的特定结构和功能，为发育生物学、再生医学、疾病研究和药物筛选等提供了一种全新的模型，被认为是近年来生命科学领域的一项重大技术突破。糖尿病严重影响人们生命健康和生活质量，其主要病理改变是胰岛功能进行性受损，并可导致机体多种并发症。体外构建人源胰岛类器官对于糖尿病替代疗法、疾病机制研究和药物开发等具有重要意义。该工作中，科研人员以人诱导多能干细胞（hiPSC）为来源，将前沿器官芯片技术与干细胞自组装原理结合，在多层阵列设计的可灌注芯片上，实现了人多能干细胞的内胚层定向诱导分化、3D动态培养与胰岛组织形成；在体外模拟胰岛发育过程，获得了具有近生理结构与功能特点的胰岛类器官。经过鉴定，芯片上培育的胰岛类器官包含α和β细胞等多种类型，具有良好的胰岛素分泌和糖刺激响应功能。此外，研究还发现，培养环境中的

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[2018-11-19] 安捷伦 Seahorse XF 分析仪工作原理

简介: Seahorse XF 分析仪通过测定多孔板中活细胞的耗氧率 (OCR) 和细胞外酸化率 (ECAR) 审查线粒体呼吸和糖酵解等关键细胞功能。XF 分析仪可实时进行化合物添加和混合，免标记分析检测，并自动测定 OCR 和 ECAR。OCR 和 ECAR 率是线粒体呼吸和糖酵解的关键指标，这些测定可在系统水平了解培养细胞和体外样品的细胞代谢功能。有关选择适合您应用的分析仪的更多信息，请访问我们的 XF 仪器选择指南。安捷伦 Seahorse XF 分析仪以 5–8 分钟左右的间隔测量耗氧率 (OCR) 和细胞外酸化率 (ECAR)。OCR 是线粒体呼吸作用的指标，而 ECAR 主要由糖酵解产生。通过隔离微孔板中单层细胞上极少量（约 2 μL）的培养基，实时测量 OCR 和 ECAR。细胞耗氧量（呼吸）和质子分泌（糖酵解）导致“瞬态微室”中溶解氧和游离质子的浓度发生快速且易测量的变化，可由位于单层细胞上方 200 微米的固态传感器探针每隔数秒进行测量。仪器进行 2–5 分钟的浓度测量，然后分别计算 OCR 和 ECAR。测量完成后，探针抬起，使得上部更多的培养基可进入并与瞬态微室中的培养基

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[2018-10-24] 'Cellular dust' provides new hope for regenerative medicine

简介: While stem cells have the most therapeutic potential, the benefits of regenerative medicine may best be mobilised using extracellular vesicles (EVs), also known in the past as "cellular dust." A team of researchers from CNRS, AP-HP, INSERM and Paris Descartes and Paris Diderot Universities have tested these vesicles for the first time in a porcine model for the treatment of post-operative digestive fistulas. Their results, which yielded a 100% success rate and appear in the 23 October 2018 editi

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[2018-10-01] 3-D bioprinting of living structures with built-in chemical sensors

简介: An international team of researchers led by Professor Michael Kühl at the Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen has just published a breakthrough in 3D bioprinting. Together with German colleagues at the Technical University of Dresden (Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research), Professor Kühls group implemented oxygen sensitive nanoparticles into a gel material that can be used for 3D printing of complex, biofilm and tissue like structures harboring living cells a

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[2018-07-11] Affimed Introduces ROCK™ Platform for Tailored Immune Cell Engagers

简介: Affimed N.V., a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering and developing highly targeted cancer immunotherapies, today announced the official launch of its Redirected Optimized Cell Killing (ROCK™) platform. Based on the company’s long-standing expertise in drug development and protein engineering, the ROCK™ platform enables the generation of both NK cell and T cell-engaging antibodies tailored to different indications and settings.ROCK™ was introduced at the 14th Annual Pr

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[2018-05-29] First 3D-printed human corneas

简介: The first human corneas have been 3D printed by scientists at Newcastle University, UK.It means the technique could be used in the future to ensure an unlimited supply of corneas.As the outermost layer of the human eye, the cornea has an important role in focusing vision.Yet there is a significant shortage of corneas available to transplant, with 10 million people worldwide requiring surgery to prevent corneal blindness as a result of diseases such as trachoma, an infectious eye disorder.In addi

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[2018-04-19] 3-D human 'mini-brains' shed new light on genetic underpinnings of major mental illness: Using human stem cells, researchers create 3-D model of the brain to study a mutation tied to schizophrenia, bi

简介: Major mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, severe depression and bipolar disorder share a common genetic link. Studies of specific families with a history of these types of illnesses have revealed that affected family members share a mutation in the gene DISC1. While researchers have been able to study how DISC1 mutations alter the brain during development in animal models, it has been difficult to find the right tools to study changes in humans. However, advancements in engineering human ste

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[2018-03-16] 3-D tissue model of developing heart could help drug safety testing for pregnant women

简介: The heart is the first organ to develop in the womb and the first cause of concern for many parents.For expecting mothers, the excitement of pregnancy is often offset by anxiety over medication they require. Parents and doctors often have to consider the mother's health as well as the potential risk regarding how medication could affect their baby. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration requires certain drugs to be labeled with pregnancy exposure and risk. Some drugs are labeled to show that test

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